Reflexes are automatic and involuntary actions the body produces in response to certain stimuli. While some reflexes can involve muscles and movement, others involve internal processes within the body ...

Pain habituation is associated with a decrease of activation in brain areas related to pain perception. However, little is known about the specificity of these decreases to pain, as habituation has ...

The startle response is a sudden, reflex-like response to an unexpected stimulus, such as a loud noise or bright light. It is an unlearned and largely unconscious defense mechanism shared by animals ...